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Many slaves were women, mostly Orthodox or from the Bosnian Church. As Blackness and racialization are inherently linked, the recognition of not just one but various forms of Blackness in Yugoslav space open possibilities for a localized understanding of how Blackness functions as a result of and beyond the global color line. Were all Serbs seen as slaves automatically or was Serbia just seen as a conquered state with citizens less valuable than Ottomans? Press question mark to learn the rest of the keyboard shortcuts, https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Po%C5%BEega, https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Po%C5%BEega_(Srbija). This meta form of Blackness has roots in the 1960s and 1970s. ._3XSQHPxjCTSWWZh_u-d0Xf{height:16px;width:16px;fill:var(--newCommunityTheme-actionIcon)}._2R3RlhymCOkPrz9TusvcPq{box-shadow:0 2 15px rgba(0,0,0,.3);max-width:538px;min-width:410px}.HydQQ-TD4TUsVnxkYk_5F{border:1px solid var(--newRedditTheme-line);background-color:var(--newRedditTheme-field);padding:12px 16px;border-radius:4px 4px 0 0;border-bottom:0}.mFTHPdbEAklUs8yhT4Xm7{font-size:14px;line-height:21px;display:block}._3cwQrg-XvocnoG0U22wT8t,.mFTHPdbEAklUs8yhT4Xm7{font-family:Noto Sans,Arial,sans-serif;font-weight:400;color:var(--newCommunityTheme-bodyText)}._3cwQrg-XvocnoG0U22wT8t{font-size:12px;line-height:18px;margin-bottom:8px}._12g_PUGHD-w7T1w4Q3oTsq{color:var(--newCommunityTheme-actionIcon)}._12g_PUGHD-w7T1w4Q3oTsq,._27eskYssCs-urVW1uHI4YI{font-size:12px;font-weight:400;line-height:16px}._27eskYssCs-urVW1uHI4YI{color:var(--newCommunityTheme-metaText)}._3xiY8nTCVp16qSb6CGW2Kv{display:block;margin-bottom:16px}._20ZSV7ktyDYzPcd1UMQWZT{background-color:var(--newCommunityTheme-body);box-sizing:border-box;color:var(--newCommunityTheme-bodyText);border:1px solid var(--newCommunityTheme-line);border-radius:4px;padding:12px;width:100%}._20ZSV7ktyDYzPcd1UMQWZT:focus{border-color:var(--newCommunityTheme-active)}._20ZSV7ktyDYzPcd1UMQWZT::placeholder{color:var(--newCommunityTheme-placeholder)}.HVADn-LHFLaS8r6IBJWeq{font-size:10px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.5px;line-height:12px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--newRedditTheme-actionIcon);display:block;margin-bottom:8px}._-0i7atRJ5NBsrRM5wuPpX{background-color:var(--newCommunityTheme-line);border-top:1px solid var(--newCommunityTheme-line);display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-ms-flex-pack:end;justify-content:flex-end;padding:16px;border-bottom-right-radius:4px;border-bottom-left-radius:4px}._1Fa5Xv7f16v5IC2Tq1m2Fy{border-bottom:1px solid var(--newCommunityTheme-line);border-top-right-radius:4px;border-top-left-radius:4px;padding:16px}._1Fa5Xv7f16v5IC2Tq1m2Fy svg{display:block}.eLnlHLGCDxjFf3jfGTcZu{font-size:16px;font-weight:500;line-height:20px;color:var(--newCommunityTheme-bodyText)}._1uaasV6RaxBfRyVgQJdiKs{padding:16px}.gLlWG7Oj89Ost4_twUu8w{font-size:12px;font-weight:400;line-height:16px;color:var(--newCommunityTheme-actionIcon)}.gLlWG7Oj89Ost4_twUu8w a{color:var(--newCommunityTheme-linkText)}.gLlWG7Oj89Ost4_twUu8w strong{font-weight:500}._2h8O7PjrCXfaJJWKrAxJPL{background-color:var(--newCommunityTheme-body);border:1px solid var(--newCommunityTheme-line);border-radius:4px;box-sizing:border-box;color:var(--newCommunityTheme-bodyText);display:block;height:78px;padding:9px 10px;width:100%}._2h8O7PjrCXfaJJWKrAxJPL:focus{outline:none;border:1px solid var(--newCommunityTheme-button)}._2h8O7PjrCXfaJJWKrAxJPL::placeholder{color:var(--newCommunityTheme-actionIcon)}._17UyTSs2atqnKg9dIq5ERg{background-color:#ea0027;border-color:#ea0027;margin-left:8px}._17UyTSs2atqnKg9dIq5ERg:disabled,._17UyTSs2atqnKg9dIq5ERg:hover,._17UyTSs2atqnKg9dIq5ERg[data-disabled],._17UyTSs2atqnKg9dIq5ERg[disabled]{background-color:rgba(234,0,39,.8);border-color:rgba(234,0,39,.8);color:#fff}._2X1FFYUx3jzlnbcegBC_Sr{margin-left:8px}._1QUX9-zZuGtifS6jJBUyh-{border-color:var(--newCommunityTheme-actionIcon);color:var(--newCommunityTheme-actionIcon)}._1QUX9-zZuGtifS6jJBUyh-:hover{border-color:rgba(135,138,140,.8);color:rgba(135,138,140,.8)}._2ulRgczjI5SWCMgSA1CNLj{color:#ea0027}._2ulRgczjI5SWCMgSA1CNLj:hover{color:rgba(234,0,39,.8)}.JZC61-VzVuaiHdWuRUiSC{background-color:#ff4500;border-color:#ff4500;margin-left:8px;color:var(--newRedditTheme-lightText)}.JZC61-VzVuaiHdWuRUiSC:hover{background-color:rgba(255,69,0,.8);border-color:rgba(255,69,0,.8)}.JZC61-VzVuaiHdWuRUiSC:disabled{color:var(--newRedditTheme-lightText);background-color:#ff4500;border-color:#ff4500;filter:none;opacity:.3}.JZC61-VzVuaiHdWuRUiSC:disabled:hover:before{opacity:0} Slaves were spoils of war like everything else. This is a somewhat more serious subreddit compared to many others. In the middle of the 15th century, many Greeks, Tatars, Russians, Muslims and blacks were sold as slaves in Dubrovnik, to the Turks, Italians, Catalans etc. ------------------------------------------------------------ On the other hand, judging from other medieval Serbian documents, we see that the term otrok can be used to describe a servant, a trusted man, a feudal serf. We recognize that there will be disagreement but ask that you be civil about such disagreements. ._1LHxa-yaHJwrPK8kuyv_Y4{width:100%}._1LHxa-yaHJwrPK8kuyv_Y4:hover ._31L3r0EWsU0weoMZvEJcUA{display:none}._1LHxa-yaHJwrPK8kuyv_Y4 ._31L3r0EWsU0weoMZvEJcUA,._1LHxa-yaHJwrPK8kuyv_Y4:hover ._11Zy7Yp4S1ZArNqhUQ0jZW{display:block}._1LHxa-yaHJwrPK8kuyv_Y4 ._11Zy7Yp4S1ZArNqhUQ0jZW{display:none} This position of the Southeast European nations as only marginally European has a long history in Europe.4Contemporarily, this image of the Balkans resurfaced as a result of the civil wars of the 1990s and again with Eastern EU expansion. St. Antoninus of Florence even said that the slaves can't be freed even if they accept baptism and become Catholics. The need for slaves increased in the aftermath of the Black Death, which eliminated much of the population and many of the servants. With that recognition, came a broad association with their systemic marginalization and disadvantage in European societies. Of course, war captives were also sold. Or you could just word it differently. @keyframes _1tIZttmhLdrIGrB-6VvZcT{0%{opacity:0}to{opacity:1}}._3uK2I0hi3JFTKnMUFHD2Pd,.HQ2VJViRjokXpRbJzPvvc{--infoTextTooltip-overflow-left:0px;font-size:12px;font-weight:500;line-height:16px;padding:3px 9px;position:absolute;border-radius:4px;margin-top:-6px;background:#000;color:#fff;animation:_1tIZttmhLdrIGrB-6VvZcT .5s step-end;z-index:100;white-space:pre-wrap}._3uK2I0hi3JFTKnMUFHD2Pd:after,.HQ2VJViRjokXpRbJzPvvc:after{content:"";position:absolute;top:100%;left:calc(50% - 4px - var(--infoTextTooltip-overflow-left));width:0;height:0;border-top:3px solid #000;border-left:4px solid transparent;border-right:4px solid transparent}._3uK2I0hi3JFTKnMUFHD2Pd{margin-top:6px}._3uK2I0hi3JFTKnMUFHD2Pd:after{border-bottom:3px solid #000;border-top:none;bottom:100%;top:auto} From the 12th to the 14th century the trade was at its peak, and women and children were especially wanted as slaves. The price for slaves differed: 27-28 gold coins for women, 30 for men. Josip Broz Tito, the Yugoslav leader from its inception until his death in 1980, connected Yugoslav geopolitical promise and might to these countries in 1956 when healong with the then leaders of Egypt and India, Gamal Nasser and Jawaharlal Nehruestablished what would become the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) on the Croatian island of Brijuni. A global color line based on the epidermalization of Blackness defines them and exemplifies the mobility of the racial contract that maintains Blackness as inflected and distant from the normative whiteness of the majority. The name of my subject has been changed for the purposes of anonymity. Personal insults and mean spirited comments will not be tolerated and AAIHS reserves the right to delete such comments from the blog. The NAM platform against Soviet and Capitalist blocs reflected the potential of the power of small nations.
Feel free to submit interesting articles, tell us about this cool book you just read, or start a discussion about who everyone's favorite figure of minor French nobility is! ._3bX7W3J0lU78fp7cayvNxx{max-width:208px;text-align:center} This is something I had already written and posted on a forum, but I thought that it would be interesting to post it here. These nuanced local associations with revolutionary forms of Blackness existed in spite of the persistence of more pernicious forms. Now, it is debated whether or not these were actual slaves. This was done in order to create an army that would be loyal only to the sultan. It is important to note that as the Ottomans started losing in Hungary and later against Russia, the situation of the conquered nations became worse. In Dubrovnik 66% of slaves came from Bosnia, 7% from Usora, 6% from the regions around Sana, 5% from Hum, 4,5% from Travunia, 4,5% from the Vrbas region, 2% from Syrmia, 1,5% from Croatia, 1% from Poega, and the rest came from regions such as Trebinje, although there were slaves from even more distant regions like Hungary. A lot were Ragusans (from Dubrovnik), others were from Hum, Trebinje, Konavli, Bosnia, Gacko, Rudnik, Nevesinje and from other coastal cities like Split and Trogir. Arguably, one of the most significant projects was the student scholarship scheme, which brought students from what would become NAM countriesincluding Burma, Jordan, Algeria, Ghana, Kenya, Pakistan, and Congoto study in Yugoslavia as early as 1950. Each authors posts reflect their own views and not necessarily those of the African American Intellectual History Society Inc. AAIHS welcomes comments on and vigorous discussion about our posts. The film goes into a lot of interesting detail about the enslavement of Gypsies, something I had no idea about. It came to embody cool in Yugoslavia until it was associated once again with revolt and an acceptance of internal Yugoslav difference in the early 2000s.3. Basically, the Ottomans would take Christian boys and then the boys would convert to Islam and train to become Jannisaries. Slaves were often members of the Church of Bosnia, and sometimes even the rulers of Bosnia sold their people into slavery. .s5ap8yh1b4ZfwxvHizW3f{color:var(--newCommunityTheme-metaText);padding-top:5px}.s5ap8yh1b4ZfwxvHizW3f._19JhaP1slDQqu2XgT3vVS0{color:#ea0027} That this community is referred to as Black provides a context to understand the regional relationship with Blackness and its various uses and meanings in former Yugoslav space. Its really is a film worth seeking out. This sign of misfortune as a Romani attribute has a long history in Yugoslav space, however, visible most notably in film. How come China, a patriarchal society, had recorded more What are some of the least nostalgic periods of history? If we can document that these spaces have been influenced by global flows of information, empires, and even slavery, then the attendant consequences of such institutions and means of knowledge production have likewise had an impact as well. ._2cHgYGbfV9EZMSThqLt2tx{margin-bottom:16px;border-radius:4px}._3Q7WCNdCi77r0_CKPoDSFY{width:75%;height:24px}._2wgLWvNKnhoJX3DUVT_3F-,._3Q7WCNdCi77r0_CKPoDSFY{background:var(--newCommunityTheme-field);background-size:200%;margin-bottom:16px;border-radius:4px}._2wgLWvNKnhoJX3DUVT_3F-{width:100%;height:46px} After the fall of Serbia in 1459 and the fall of Skadar in 1479, many people came to Dubrovnik willing to sell themselves as slaves. This internal form of Blackness is very familiar in Yugoslav and post-Yugoslav settings owing to the fact that various populations considered Roma are populous. .Rd5g7JmL4Fdk-aZi1-U_V{transition:all .1s linear 0s}._2TMXtA984ePtHXMkOpHNQm{font-size:16px;font-weight:500;line-height:20px;margin-bottom:4px}.CneW1mCG4WJXxJbZl5tzH{border-top:1px solid var(--newRedditTheme-line);margin-top:16px;padding-top:16px}._11ARF4IQO4h3HeKPpPg0xb{transition:all .1s linear 0s;display:none;fill:var(--newCommunityTheme-button);height:16px;width:16px;vertical-align:middle;margin-bottom:2px;margin-left:4px;cursor:pointer}._1I3N-uBrbZH-ywcmCnwv_B:hover ._11ARF4IQO4h3HeKPpPg0xb{display:inline-block}._2IvhQwkgv_7K0Q3R0695Cs{border-radius:4px;border:1px solid var(--newCommunityTheme-line)}._2IvhQwkgv_7K0Q3R0695Cs:focus{outline:none}._1I3N-uBrbZH-ywcmCnwv_B{transition:all .1s linear 0s;border-radius:4px;border:1px solid var(--newCommunityTheme-line)}._1I3N-uBrbZH-ywcmCnwv_B:focus{outline:none}._1I3N-uBrbZH-ywcmCnwv_B.IeceazVNz_gGZfKXub0ak,._1I3N-uBrbZH-ywcmCnwv_B:hover{border:1px solid var(--newCommunityTheme-button)}._35hmSCjPO8OEezK36eUXpk._35hmSCjPO8OEezK36eUXpk._35hmSCjPO8OEezK36eUXpk{margin-top:25px;left:-9px}._3aEIeAgUy9VfJyRPljMNJP._3aEIeAgUy9VfJyRPljMNJP._3aEIeAgUy9VfJyRPljMNJP,._3aEIeAgUy9VfJyRPljMNJP._3aEIeAgUy9VfJyRPljMNJP._3aEIeAgUy9VfJyRPljMNJP:focus-within,._3aEIeAgUy9VfJyRPljMNJP._3aEIeAgUy9VfJyRPljMNJP._3aEIeAgUy9VfJyRPljMNJP:hover{transition:all .1s linear 0s;border:none;padding:8px 8px 0}._25yWxLGH4C6j26OKFx8kD5{display:inline}._2YsVWIEj0doZMxreeY6iDG{font-size:12px;font-weight:400;line-height:16px;color:var(--newCommunityTheme-metaText);display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;padding:4px 6px}._1hFCAcL4_gkyWN0KM96zgg{color:var(--newCommunityTheme-button);margin-right:8px;margin-left:auto;color:var(--newCommunityTheme-errorText)}._1hFCAcL4_gkyWN0KM96zgg,._1dF0IdghIrnqkJiUxfswxd{font-size:12px;font-weight:700;line-height:16px;cursor:pointer;-ms-flex-item-align:end;align-self:flex-end;-webkit-user-select:none;-ms-user-select:none;user-select:none}._1dF0IdghIrnqkJiUxfswxd{color:var(--newCommunityTheme-button)}._3VGrhUu842I3acqBMCoSAq{font-weight:700;color:#ff4500;text-transform:uppercase;margin-right:4px}._3VGrhUu842I3acqBMCoSAq,.edyFgPHILhf5OLH2vk-tk{font-size:12px;line-height:16px}.edyFgPHILhf5OLH2vk-tk{font-weight:400;-ms-flex-preferred-size:100%;flex-basis:100%;margin-bottom:4px;color:var(--newCommunityTheme-metaText)}._19lMIGqzfTPVY3ssqTiZSX._19lMIGqzfTPVY3ssqTiZSX._19lMIGqzfTPVY3ssqTiZSX{margin-top:6px}._19lMIGqzfTPVY3ssqTiZSX._19lMIGqzfTPVY3ssqTiZSX._19lMIGqzfTPVY3ssqTiZSX._3MAHaXXXXi9Xrmc_oMPTdP{margin-top:4px} I'm going to butcher this qoute but I love Dan Carlins wording of slavery. Romani communities are spread throughout Europe in general, and with the 2004 eastern expansion of the European Union, Roma became the largest minority in Europe. One additional form of Blackness in post-Yugoslav space does not rely on a global color line or distance from the majority, rather it refers to Balkan marginalization and former Yugoslav nations in particular. Tricia Rose, Forward in Henry J. Elam and Kennell A. Jackson.
Through these projects, Yugoslavs lived in these countries for short periods, leaving generational links between the countries and their citizens. Its not just Americans that need to learn but the whole world. ._12xlue8dQ1odPw1J81FIGQ{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle} Slave traders also had various background. He said essentially that the common human bloodline is one of oppression and being oppressed, that very likely all of us have a little slave and slaver in us. Wow, great reporting on this. ._2a172ppKObqWfRHr8eWBKV{-ms-flex-negative:0;flex-shrink:0;margin-right:8px}._39-woRduNuowN7G4JTW4I8{margin-top:12px}._136QdRzXkGKNtSQ-h1fUru{display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;margin:8px 0;width:100%}.r51dfG6q3N-4exmkjHQg_{font-size:10px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.5px;line-height:12px;text-transform:uppercase;-ms-flex-pack:justify;justify-content:space-between;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center}.r51dfG6q3N-4exmkjHQg_,._2BnLYNBALzjH6p_ollJ-RF{display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex}._2BnLYNBALzjH6p_ollJ-RF{margin-left:auto}._1-25VxiIsZFVU88qFh-T8p{padding:0}._2nxyf8XcTi2UZsUInEAcPs._2nxyf8XcTi2UZsUInEAcPs{color:var(--newCommunityTheme-widgetColors-sidebarWidgetTextColor)} Slavery existed in both medieval Serbia and Bosnia, there are references to slaves in the Duan's code, where it is stated the slaves of the nobility were their eternal heritage, and that only a member of the noble family can free a family slave. It triangulated through the African diaspora in the Caribbean, Western Europe, and the United States, where the mantle of Blackness of pride and mainstream Black culture eventually became a form of cultural traffic that traversed transatlantically. Forging these relationships created paths for eventual Yugoslav association with revolutionary forms of Blackness that worked in opposition to its canonical underpinnings, morphing Blackness instead to be associated with revolutionary forms. ._3-SW6hQX6gXK9G4FM74obr{display:inline-block;vertical-align:text-bottom;width:16px;height:16px;font-size:16px;line-height:16px} Beyond that, so many people have been into slavery (wars, etc) and we still associate slavery with black only, why ? There was a really fascinating Romanian historical movie a few years ago called Aferim! Eventually, many cities banned slavery and/or slave trade (Split in 1373, Trogir and Korula in 1397, Dubrovnik in 1416), but it was not respected. The Ottomans generally didn't force anything upon their subjects, although Islamization was widespread but this was mostly because people wanted to get into the privileged class and to avoid religious taxes. What were the fundraising ramifications of the Battle of Ctesias and the True Date of the Trojan War, Press J to jump to the feed. There were also bands of the ropci (slave-raiders) who abducted people into slavery. /*# sourceMappingURL=https://www.redditstatic.com/desktop2x/chunkCSS/IdCard.4069f7c779e7e53d0bd8_.css.map*/._2JU2WQDzn5pAlpxqChbxr7{height:16px;margin-right:8px;width:16px}._3E45je-29yDjfFqFcLCXyH{margin-top:16px}._13YtS_rCnVZG1ns2xaCalg{font-family:Noto Sans,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:14px;font-weight:400;line-height:18px;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex}._1m5fPZN4q3vKVg9SgU43u2{margin-top:12px}._17A-IdW3j1_fI_pN-8tMV-{display:inline-block;margin-bottom:8px;margin-right:5px}._5MIPBF8A9vXwwXFumpGqY{border-radius:20px;font-size:12px;font-weight:500;letter-spacing:0;line-height:16px;padding:3px 10px;text-transform:none}._5MIPBF8A9vXwwXFumpGqY:focus{outline:unset}
